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Raid on Yarmouth
The Raid on Yarmouth, which took place on 3 November 1914, was an attack by the German Navy on the British North Sea port and town of Great Yarmouth. Little damage was done to the town since shells only landed on the beach after German ships laying mines offshore were interrupted by British destroyers. , a submarine, was sunk by a German mine as it attempted to leave harbour and attack the German ships. A German armoured cruiser was sunk after striking two German mines outside its own home port.
==Prelude==
In October 1914, the German Navy was seeking ways to attack the British fleet. The Royal Navy had more ships than Germany, so it was felt inadvisable to enter into any direct fleet to fleet engagement. Instead, the Germans sought ways to attack British ships individually or in small groups. The Kaiser had given orders that no major fleet action was to take place, but small groups of ships might still take part in raids.〔'Castles p.310〕
The raids had several objectives. One was to lay mines which later might sink passing British ships. Another was to pick off any small ships encountered, or to entice larger groups into giving chase and lead them back to where the German High Seas Fleet would be waiting in relatively safe waters near to Germany. A further consideration was that raiding British coastal towns might force the British to alter the disposition of its ships to protect those towns. The British had adopted a strategy of keeping the greater part of the Grand Fleet always together, so it would always have superiority whenever it engaged the enemy. Germany hoped to encourage Britain to split more ships from the main fleet for coastal defence, thereby giving Germany more chances to catch isolated ships.〔'Castles' p.310〕
The Yarmouth raid was carried out by the German battlecruiser squadron commanded by Admiral Franz von Hipper with the battlecruisers , and , the slightly smaller armoured cruiser and the light cruisers , , and . On this occasion, mines were to be laid off the coast of Yarmouth and Lowestoft, but the ships were also to shell Yarmouth.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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